**Warning**: graphic images in sources. Sources: - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33074294/ - https://thejns.org/focus/view/journals/neurosurg-focus/25/3/article-pE12.xml - https://www.jove.com/v/3565/surgical-implantation-chronic-neural-electrodes-for-recording-single #### Broad steps - Brain scans are done to plan for surgery beforehand - General or local anesthesia is done to the patient - Incisions are made on the scalp to expose skull - A hole in the skull is made to expose the brain - Electrodes are inserted at precise locations - The microelectronics / reciever for those electrodes is placed in the hole and drilled to rest of the skull - Scalp is restitched ##### Challenges with this surgery - Brain pulsates (like heart) so the surgeon has to be very careful during insertion of electrodes, otherwise it will be placed at the wrong location ![[brain-wobble-gif.gif]] [Source](https://www.iflscience.com/brain/you-can-see-your-brain-wobble-with-every-heartbeat-with-this-new-mri-technique/) - Risk of (bacterial) infection - Antibiotics are usually administered at the site of surgery to prevent infections (which causes swelling) - Risk of blood vessel puncturing / hemorrhage - If blood vessels get pierced during surgery, you get a tiny stroke. The region of brain that uses energy supplied by that vessel subsequently dies - Risk of brain tissue damage - If electrodes are big or insertion technique is not precise, during insertion a small volume of brain tissue can get damaged <iframe class="signup-iframe" src="https://invertedpassion.com/signup-collector" title="Signup collector"></iframe>